






大阪府の2025年3月実施の令和7年度(2025年度)入学者の公立高校入試問題の解説をしています。
受験勉強において、過去問を解くことはとても効果的な勉強法です。ぜひ、受験までに一度挑戦し、問題の傾向を掴んでおきましょう。合わせて、対策などをたてられるととても良いですね。
また、過去問で苦手な点が見つかった場合は、そこを中心に試験日当日までにしっかりと対策しておきましょう。
大阪府の英語の問題は、難易度としては全体的に高く、Aがやや易、Bが難、Cが激難といったところです。
Cに至っては大学入試に近いような印象さえ受けます。設問もオールイングリッシュで書かれています。
(A・B共通)【話し方・聞き方(リスニング)】
1.サキとマークとの会話を聞いて、マークのことばに続くと考えられるサキのことばとして、次のア~エのうち最も適しているものを一つ選び、解答欄の記号を○で囲みなさい。
Saki: Hi, Mark. Please look at this picture. My friend took it at the party yesterday.
Mark: This is nice, Saki. Who is the person next to you in the picture?
ア. At school.
イ. For lunch.
ウ. My brother.
エ. On Monday.
2.アキとピーターとの会話を聞いて、ピーターがアキに渡したものとして、次のア~エのうち最も適していると考えられるものを一つ選び、解答欄の記号を○で囲みなさい。
Aki: Peter! I have a good idea! I want to write the idea before I forget it.
Peter: Oh, good, Aki. You can use this to write your idea. Here you are.
Aki: Thank you.
Peter: Do you need paper, too?
Aki: No, thank you. I have my notebook.
3.ラジオ放送が流れてきました。その放送で話されているトピックとして、次のア~エのうち最も適して
いると考えられるものを一つ選び、解答欄の記号を○で囲みなさい。
Now, let’s move on to the next topic. There are many things to enjoy in Osaka. Let’s see what people visiting Osaka want to enjoy the most. We interviewed 100 people at Osaka Station. 25 people enjoy an amusement park. 16 people enjoy nice food. People enjoy various other things, too.
ア.The most popular food in Osaka.
イ.The number of stations in Osaka.
ウ. Things to enjoy in Osaka.
エ. Various parks in Osaka.
4.タロウとジュリアとの会話を聞いて、部活動の情報を表したものとして、次のア~エのうち最も適しているものを一つ選び、解答欄の記号を○で囲みなさい。
Taro:Hi, Julia. I got information about club activities from our teacher. You want to join one of them, right?
Julia:Yes, that’s right, Taro. On Friday, I help my host family cook dinner, so I want to go home without joining a club activity.
Taro:OK. You were a member of a tennis club in Canada, right? How about the tennis club? The club doesn’t have its activities on Friday.
Julia:Well, I want to try something different in Japan. How about the volleyball club?
Taro:The club has its activities on Wednesday and on Friday, and no activities on the other days.
Julia:I see. How about the brass band club? I like music.
Taro:The brass band club has its activities from Tuesday to Thursday.
Julia:That’s perfect! I will join it!
5.高校生のトモキのスピーチを聞いて、それに続く二つの質問に対する答えとして最も適しているものをそれぞれア~エから一つずつ選び、解答欄の記号を○で囲みなさい。
Hello, I’m Tomoki. Last weekend, I saw my grandmother. Today, I’ll tell you a story I heard from her. When she was young, people didn’t have mobile phones. One day, she waited for her friends at a station for a long time, but they didn’t come. At that time, many stations had message boards and people used them in such a situation. Before going home, she left a message on a message board in the station and let her friends know that she waited at the station but went home. She and her friends couldn’t meet on that day. Meeting someone in public places sometimes wasn’t easy in the past. My grandmother says, now, it is easier. She and I planned to meet at a station. However, I had trouble with my bicycle after I left home. I sent a message with my mobile phone to tell my grandmother that I would get to the station very late. When she received my message, she was at the station. She called me on her mobile phone and told me that she would leave the station and wait for me at a nearby cafe. We met there. It is interesting to know that situations now and situations in the past are very different.
Question 1:Why did Tomoki’s grandmother use a message board?
Question 2: Where did Tomoki and his grandmother meet?
(1)
ア. To tell her friends she left the station.
イ. To tell her friends she would come back soon.
ウ. To tell her friends she would get to the station late.
エ. To tell her friends she lost her phone and couldn’t call.
(2)
ア. At Tomoki’s house.
イ. At Tomoki’s grandmother’s house.
ウ. At a station.
エ. At a cafe.
6.アンディーとエミとの会話を聞いて、それに続く二つの質問に対する答えとして最も適しているものをそれぞれア~エから一つずつ選び、解答欄の記号を○で囲みなさい。
Andy:How was your dance lesson last Saturday, Emi?
Emi:I didn’t have a lesson, Andy. Instead, I joined an activity held in my town on that day. It was great!
Andy:Oh, what kind of activity was it?
Emi:People who joined the activity enjoyed picking up trash in the town while they were jogging.
Andy:That sounds interesting. I have picked up trash on the beach as a volunteer. Also, I often jog in the park. But I have never tried to do those two things together.
Emi:It was my first experience, too. The activity was started in Europe in 2016. The experiences of people who joined the activity were shared online and the activity spread to the world. During the activity, I also reported how much trash I collected and people around the world gave nice messages to my report. Sharing my experience with people around the world was also fun.
Andy:That sounds nice. People can encourage each other by sharing their experiences. Also, joining the activity sounds good as exercise, too. If people pick up trash while they are jogging, they seem to need more energy than the energy needed for just jogging.
Emi:You are right! I ran, stopped and picked up trash on the ground, and started to run again. Repeating these movements was so hard, but it was good exercise!
Andy:I see. So, the activity was good for not only your town but also your body. Well, when I go jogging next time, I will pick up trash.
Emi:That’s good!
Question 1: Which is the thing Emi did not do last Saturday?
Question 2: What is the thing Andy said?
(1)
ア. Collecting trash in her town.
イ.Jogging.
ウ. Having a dance lesson.
エ. Sharing her experience of the activity.
(2)
ア. He experienced picking up trash while he was jogging.
イ. When people share their experiences, they can encourage each other.
ウ.People seem to need more energy for just jogging than the energy needed for the activity.
エ. Joining the activity was good for Emi’s town but wasn’t very good as exercise.
1 次の(1)〜(10)の日本語の文の内容に合うように、英文中の( )内のア〜ウの中から最も適しているものを一つずつ選び、記号を〇で囲みなさい。
(1) この辞書は便利です。
This ( ア bicycle イ dictionary ウ map ) is useful.
(2) その歌手は日本でとても人気があります。
The singer is very ( ア kind イ popular ウ rich ) in Japan.
(3) 私は毎月、祖母に電話をかけます。
I ( ア call イ help ウ see ) my grandmother every month.
(4) あなたは今週の土曜日、どこへ行く予定ですか。
( ア When イ Where ウ Why ) are you going to go this Saturday?
(5) 私たちの町について話しましょう。
Let’s talk about ( ア our イ us ウ we ) town.
(6) 彼は私の誕生日に私に本をくれました。
He ( ア gave イ give ウ given ) me a book on my birthday.
(7) 彼女はフランス語を話しますか。
( ア Do イ Does ウ Is ) she speak French?
(8) その新しい駅は1か月前に建てられました。
The new station was ( ア build イ building ウ built ) one month ago.
(9) 彼らは牛乳を買うためにスーパーマーケットへ行きました。
They went to the supermarket ( ア bought イ buy ウ to buy ) milk.
(10) もしあなたが私なら、あなたはどちらを選びますか。
If you ( ア am イ is ウ were ) me, which would you choose?
(1) イ
bicycle→自転車、 map→地図
(2) イ
kind→親切な、 rich→豊富な
(3) ア
help→助ける、 see →見る
(4) イ
When→いつ、 Why→なぜ
(5) ア
our→所有格(形容詞)。名詞の前に置き「〜の」を表す。
us→目的格。動詞や前置詞の目的語になる。
we→主格。文の主語として使う。
(6) ア
gave→与えた【過去形】、 give→与える【原形】、 given→与えられた【過去分詞形】
(7) イ
Do→一般動詞を使う疑問文かつ、主語が一人称・二人称・三人称複数の時に使う。
Does→一般動詞を使う疑問文かつ、主語が三人称単数の時に使う。
Is→be動詞の疑問文に使う。
(8) ウ
~される→受け身表現。【be + 動詞の過去分詞形】
(9) ウ
~するために→【to + 動詞の原形】
(10) ウ
仮定法過去では、主語がyouでもbe動詞は「were」を使う。
2 ヒロキ(Hiroki)は日本の高校生です。次の[Ⅰ][Ⅱ]に答えなさい。
【Ⅰ】次は、ヒロキが英語の授業で行ったスピーチの原稿です。彼が書いた原稿を読んで、あとの問いに答えなさい。
Do you know about “ayatori”? The Japanese word “ayatori” means playing by making various shapes with string. In Japan, some children enjoy【 ① 】shapes of things, for example, a river and a bridge. Last week, I joined a party to welcome some students from Australia. At the party, I introduced ayatori.
But Ⓐthey already knew how to make various shapes with string. One of such shapes was a fish shape. I saw the shape for the first time.
After the party, I read a book and learned that people in some areas in the world enjoy something like ayatori. They make many different shapes with string. Those shapes show things 【 ② 】are often seen in their everyday lives. In one area, people make a cloud shape with string. The weather there often changes, so I imagine they carefully look at clouds. In another area, people make a star shape with string. They know the direction, thanks to one bright star. I think watching stars is important for people there. By learning about various shapes people made with string, I could imagine a part of their lives.
(注)ayatori あやとり(糸やひもなどでさまざまな形を作って遊ぶこと) string 糸、ひも
(1) 次のうち,本文中の①に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を〇で囲みなさい。
ア.made
イ. make
ウ. making
エ. to make
(2) 本文中の Ⓐthey の表している内容に当たるものとして最も適しているものを、本文中から英語4語を抜き出して書きなさい。
(3) 次のうち,本文中の②に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を〇で囲みなさい。
ア. how
イ.when
ウ. where
エ. which
(4) 次のうち,本文で述べられている内容と合うものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を〇で囲みなさい。
ア.ヒロキは、先週参加したパーティーで、あやとりを初めて知った。
イ.ヒロキは、パーティーに参加した後、本を読んで、あやとりで橋の形を作る方法を学んだ。
ウ.ヒロキは、ある地域の人々が糸で星の形を作るのは、そこの天気がよく変わるからだと学んだ。
エ.ヒロキは、人々が糸で作ったさまざまな形について学ぶことで、彼らの生活の一部を想像することができた。
[Ⅱ]スピーチの後に、あなた(You)がヒロキと次のような会話をするとします。あなたならば、どのような話をしますか。あとの条件1~3にしたがって(①)〜(③)に入る内容を,それぞれ5語程度の英語で書きなさい。解答の際には記入例にならって書くこと。
You:Hi, Hiroki.( ① )
Hiroki:Yes, I had a good time with the students from Australia.We are going to have a party again next week. Will you join the party?
You:Yes!( ② )
Hiroki:That’s good! Let’s think about things we can do together with the students from Australia.What do you want to do with them?
You:( ③ )
Hiroki:OK.
〈条件1〉①に、「あなたはそのパーティーを楽しみましたか。」とたずねる文を書くこと。
〈条件2〉② に、「私もそれに参加するつもりです。」と伝える文を書くこと。
〈条件3〉③ に、前後のやり取りに合う内容を書くこと。
[Ⅰ]
(1) ウ
「enjoy」の後ろには動名詞(〜ing形)が続く。
→ 「enjoy making shapes」で「形を作ることを楽しむ」
(2) some students from Australia
Last week, I joined a party to welcome some students from Australia. At the party, I introduced ayatori. But Ⓐthey already knew how to make various shapes with string.
→【和訳】先週、私はオーストラリアから来た学生たちを歓迎するパーティーに参加しました。そのパーティーで、私はあやとりを紹介しました。しかし、彼らはすでにひもを使っていろいろな形を作る方法を知っていました。
(3) エ
「things」の後に続いて説明する語が必要(関係代名詞)→ 「which」が適切(主格・人以外)。
「how(どのように)」や「when(いつ)」は副詞で使うため不適切。
「where(どこで)」も場所に使うので不自然。
(4) エ
[Ⅱ]解答例
➀Did you enjoy the party?
②I will join it too.
③I want to sing songs.
次は、高校生のリコ(Riko)、アメリカからの留学生のエマ(Emma)、クラスメートのタケオ(Takeo)の3人が学校で交わした会話の一部です。会話文を読んで、あとの問いに答えなさい。
Riko:Hi, Emma. What are you doing with your tablet?
Emma:Hi, Riko. I’m looking at some photos of snow crystals.
Riko:Oh, can I ( ① ) them?
Emma:Sure.
Riko:They look beautiful.
Takeo:Hi, Emma and Riko. What are you doing?
Riko:Hi, Takeo. Emma is showing me some photos of snow crystals on her tablet.
Emma:They were taken about 100 years ago.
Takeo:Oh, that’s a long time ago. Let me see them.
Emma:Of course. An American man, Wilson Bentley, took those photos.Have you heard about him?
Riko:( ② ) I don’t know about him.
Takeo:I don’t know about him, either.
Emma:I learned about him two years ago.
Riko:Tell us about him.
Emma:Sure. He lived in a small village in America. There, it snowed a lot in winter.When he was 15 years old, he got an old microscope. With that microscope, he saw many things in nature. One of Ⓐthem was a snow crystal.
Takeo:( ③ ) Snow disappears quickly in a warm room.
Emma:You’re right. To see the snow crystals, he used his microscope outside his house.
Riko:Wow. He was really interested in snow crystals.
Takeo:I think so, too.
Emma:When he saw them with his microscope, he found each snow crystal had a different shape.He thought every shape was beautiful.
Takeo:So, did he decide to take photos of snow crystals?
Emma:Yes. He wanted to show other people the various beautiful shapes of snow crystals.But, to take photos of them, he had some difficult things to do.
Riko:( ④ )
Emma:First, to take photos of very small things like snow crystals, he had to connect a camera to his microscope.Also, in those days, cameras didn’t have high technology. So, he had to find a way to take clear photos with a camera without high technology. He tried many ideas such as changing some parts of the camera.
Riko:Sounds hard.
Emma:After trying for a few years, he could finally take clear photos of snow crystals.( ⑤ ) that he could do that.
Takeo:I see.
Emma:Through his life, he took more than 5,000 photos of snow crystals.His photo book about snow crystals was first printed in 1931 and was sold in many stores.I guess many people were excited when they saw the photos of snow crystals.
Takeo:ⒷI agree. I think they were surprised at the beauty of snow crystals.
Riko:Now, I want to see more photos taken by Wilson Bentley. Thank you for telling me about him, Emma.
Takeo:From your story about him,I became more interested in snow crystals.Thank you,Emma.
Emma:You’re welcome!
(注)microscope 顕微鏡
(1)次のうち,本文中の( ① )に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を〇で囲みなさい。
ア. saw
イ. see
ウ. seen
エ. to see
(2)本文の内容から考えて、次のうち、本文中の( ② )に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を〇で囲みなさい。
ア. Yes, I was.
イ. Yes, you did.
ウ. No, I haven’t.
エ. No, you are not.
(3)本文中のⒶthemの表している内容に当たるものとして最も適しているひとつづきの英語4語を、本文中から抜き出して書きなさい。
(4)本文中の( ③ )が、「顕微鏡で雪の結晶を見ることは難しかったと私は思います。」という内容になるように、次の〔 〕内の語を並べかえて解答欄の________に英語を書き入れ、英文を完成させなさい。
I think that it〔 hard / see / to / was 〕 snow crystals with a microscope.
(5)本文の内容から考えて、次のうち、本文中の( ④ )に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を〇で囲みなさい。
ア.What did he have to do to take photos of snow crystals?
イ.Where did he see the snow crystals with his microscope?
ウ.Who took photos of snow crystals for him?
エ.Why did he try to take photos of snow crystals?
(6)本文中の「( ⑤ )that he could do that.」が、「彼はそれができてうれしかった。」という内容になるように、解答欄の__に英語3語を書き、英文を完成させなさい。
(7)次のうち、本文中のⒷI agree.が表している内容として最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び,記号で答えなさい。
ア. Takeo thinks more people should know about snow crystals.
イ. Takeo thinks many people should take photos of snow crystals.
ウ. Takeo thinks showing other people also took photos of snow crystals.
エ. Takeo thinks many people felt excited by seeing photos of snow crystals.
(8)本文の内容と合うように、次の問いに対する答えをそれぞれ英語で書きなさい。ただし、①は3語、②は4語の英語で書くこと。
➀Did Wilson Bentley use his microscope outside his house?
②When did Emma learn about Wilson Bentley?
(1) イ
Can I + 動詞の原形。他の選択肢(saw, seen, to see)は文法的に不適切。
(2)ウ
直前のエマのセリフ”Have you heard about him?”(彼のことを聞いたことある?)
→ 現在完了の疑問文なので、適切な答え方はウ。
(3) many things in nature
With that microscope, he saw many things in nature. One of Ⓐthem was a snow crystal.
→【和訳】その顕微鏡で、彼は自然の中の多くのものを見ました。それらのうちの1つは、雪の結晶でした。
(4)was hard to see
(5)ア
直後のエマのセリフ”First, to take photos of very small things like snow crystals, he had to connect a camera to his microscope.”より、答えはア。
(6) He was glad
「彼はそれができてうれしかった。」となるような表現であればよい。
(7) エ
I agree(B)が表しているのは、直前のEmmaの発言の‘I guess many people were excited when they saw the photos of snow crystals.’
→【和訳】多くの人が、雪の結晶の写真を見たときにワクワクしたのだと思います。
(8) ➀ Yes,he did. ② She learned about him two years ago.
➀To see the snow crystals, he used his microscope outside his house.(本文より)
②I learned about him two years ago.(本文より)
次は、高校生のリコ(Riko)、アメリカからの留学生のエマ(Emma)、クラスメートのタケオ(Takeo)の3人が学校で交わした会話の一部です。会話文を読んで、あとの問いに答えなさい。
Riko:Hi, Emma. What are you doing with your tablet?
Emma:Hi, Riko. I’m looking at( ① ) some photos of snow crystals. They are beautiful, right?
Riko:Oh, yes, they are.
Takeo:Hi, Emma and Riko. What are you doing?
Riko:Hi, Takeo. Emma is showing me some photos of snow crystals on her tablet.
Takeo:Oh, they look beautiful.
Emma:These photos were actually taken about 100 years ago.
Takeo:That’s a long time ago. I didn’t know people could take such clear photos of snow crystals then.
Emma:An American man, Wilson Bentley, was able to take those photos after trying for a few years. ( ② )
Takeo:No.I don’t know about him.
Riko:I don’t know about him, either. Can you tell us about him?
Emma:Sure. I read some books about the man before. According to Ⓐ them, he got interested in snow crystals when he was 15 years old. He lived in a village which had a lot of snow in winter. On his 15th birthday, he got an old microscope from his family. With that microscope, he saw snow crystals.
Takeo:I think it was hard to see them with a microscope. Snow disappears quickly in a warm room.
Emma:You’re right. To see the snow crystals, he often used his microscope outside his house. He didn’t mind staying outside in winter.
Riko:Wow, he was really interested in snow crystals.
Takeo:Oh, I was also excited to find ( ③ ). I’m glad that he and I felt excited about the same point about snow crystals.
Emma:That’s good, Takeo. ㋐ Later in his life, he expressed how he felt when he saw the various shapes of snow crystals.㋑ He said that every snow crystal was a masterpiece of design.
Riko:Oh, I like the phrase he used.
Emma:He ( ④ )how beautiful shapes of snow crystals were.
Takeo:So, did he decide to take photos of snow crystals?
Emma:Yes, but to take photos of very small things like snow crystals, he had some difficult things to do. ㋒ First, he had to connect a camera to his microscope. Also, in those days, he could only get a camera without high technology. ㋓ He tried many ideas such as changing some parts of the camera.
Riko:Sounds hard.
Emma:After trying for a few years, he could finally take clear photos of snow crystals.
Riko:That means ( ⑤ ). I can imagine how happy he was when he took the clear photo of a snow crystal for the first time.
Emma:I agree. Through his life, he took more than 5,000 photos of snow crystals. His photo book on snow crystals was first printed in 1931 and was sold in many stores.
Takeo:( ⑥ )
Emma:Yes. Actually, the photo book had an influence on a Japanese scientist. The scientist was moved by the photo book and he started his research on snow crystals in Japan. He also studied how the shapes of snow crystals were made. His research is famous around the world.
Riko:Wow, it is interesting to know how one person’s works affected the life of someone else. I want to see more photos taken by Wilson Bentley. Thank you for telling us about him, Emma.
Takeo:After hearing your story about him, I want to know more about snow crystals. Thank you, Emma.
Emma:You’re welcome!
(注)microscope 顕微鏡 masterpiece 傑作
(1) 本文の内容から考えて、次のうち、本文中の( ① ) に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号で答えなさい。
ア. at
イ.during
ウ. off
エ.since
(2) 次のうち、本文中の ( ② ) に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
ア. Did you see the photos of snow crystals on my tablet?
イ.Do snow crystals in his photos look beautiful?
ウ. Have you heard about him?
エ.How many times did he try?
(3) 本文中の Ⓐthem の表している内容に当たるものとして最も適しているひとつづきの英語5語を、本文中から抜きだして書きなさい。
(4) 本文の内容から考えて、次のうち、本文中の( ③ )に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
ア. all the shapes of snow crystals looked the same in the photos
イ. each snow crystal had a different shape
ウ. shapes of snow crystals could be seen in a warm room
エ. special microscopes were made to see snow crystals
(5) 本文中には次の英文が入ります。本文中の ㋐ 〜 ㋓から、入る場所として最も適しているものを、一つ選び、ア〜エの記号で○で囲みなさい。
So, he had to find a way to take clear photos of snow crystals with such a camera.
(6) 本文中の ”He ( ④ ) how beautiful shapes of snow crystals were. ”が「彼は雪の結晶の形がどれほど美しいかを人々に知ってほしかった。」という内容になるように、解答欄の____に英語4語を書き入れ、英文を完成させなさい。
(7) 本文の内容から考えて、次のうち、本文中の ( ⑤ ) に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
ア. he didn’t use his microscope and his camera for a few years
イ. he kept trying to take clear photos of snow crystals until he had success
ウ. he kept hiding the clear photos of snow crystals after he took those photos
エ. he found someone who could take photos for him after he stopped taking photos of snow crystals
(8) 本文中の ( ⑥ )が、「それは、人々に雪の結晶に興味をもつ機会を与えたと私は思います。」という内容になるように次の〔 〕内の語を並べかえて解答欄の____に英語を書き入れ、英文を完成させなさい。
I guess that it 〔 become / chances / gave / people / to〕 interested in snow crystals.
(9) 次のうち、本文で述べられている内容と合うものはど れですか。二つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
ア. When Takeo talked to Emma and Riko, Emma was trying to take photos of snow crystals.
イ. Wilson Bentley saw snow crystals with a microscope he got from his family.
ウ. To take clear photos of snow crystals, Wilson Bentley faced some difficult things.
エ. Riko said one of the photos Wilson Bentley took was a masterpiece.
オ. Wilson Bentley was encouraged by a Japanese scientist and kept taking photos of snow crystals.
(1) ア
「look at ~」で「~を見る」
(2) ウ
Emmaがウィルソン・ベントレーについて話し始める流れで、彼のことを聞いたかどうかを確認するのが自然。
(3) some books about the man
「them」は直前の文「I read some books about the man before.」を受けている。
(4) イ
ベントレーが発見して感動したのは、「同じ形の結晶がひとつもなかった」ということ。Takeoもそれに共感しているのでイが正解。
(5) エ
ア:感動を表現した話の前に、写真技術の話を入れるのは 文脈がずれるため誤り。
イ:「すべての雪の結晶は芸術作品だった」という感想の前に、「写真を撮る方法を探した」話を挿入するのは、時系列も流れもおかしいため誤り。
ウ:「高性能なカメラしかなかった」という説明がまだ出てきていないので、「なぜ方法を見つけなければならなかったのか」の理由がわからないため誤り。
エ:「高性能なカメラはなかった」→ (だから)方法を見つける必要があった と自然な流れなため正しい。
(6) wanted people to know
wanted:「〜したいと思った」 people to know:「人々に知ってほしかった(=人々が知ることを望んだ)」
(7) イ
「数年間の試行錯誤のあとにようやく撮影に成功した」という流れなので、粘り強く挑戦し続けたことを表すイが適切。
(8) gave people chances to become
「It gave 人 + chances + to 動詞」=「人に〜する機会を与えた」
(9) イ・ウ
ア:Emmaは見せていただけなので誤り。
イ:15歳の誕生日に顕微鏡をもらって結晶を観察した、とあるので正しい。
ウ:写真を撮るのは大変だった、とあるので正しい。
エ:その発言をしたのはBentley本人のため誤り。
オ:日本人科学者がBentleyの本に影響されたが、逆ではないため誤り。
高校生のミホ(Miho)が英語の授業でスピーチを行いました。次の[Ⅰ]、[Ⅱ]に答えなさい。
[Ⅰ]次は、ミホが行ったスピーチの原稿です。彼女が書いたこの原稿を読んで、あとの問いに答えなさい。
Last week, when I was doing research about water problems in the world, I found some interesting information. According to Ⓐit , a traditional Japanese method for digging a well is now helping people in other countries. The method is called “Kazusabori“. Kazusabori was developed in the late 19th century in the Kazusa area. The method was ( ① ) to many other areas in Japan and was used in those areas until people started to use machines for digging wells. Why is it not helpful overseas? This question( ② )to learn more about Kazusabori.
First, I will explain what Kazusabori is. It is a method for digging a deep well safely. The method was developed while people in the Kazusa area were trying to solve their water problems. In the area, rivers were in low places and it was difficult for farmers to bring water from those rivers to their land in higher places. So, people in the area dug wells to get water which was under the ground. Each well had to be deep enough to ( ③ ) water under the ground. At first, people dug a well by working inside a hole. However, that way was dangerous. Also, they couldn’t dig a deep well in that way.
( ④ ) The long stick was made of bamboo and had an iron part at the bottom. As the hole became deeper, they made the stick longer. Another tool was created to move the long stick without using much power. They also created a tool which helped them carry broken pieces of rocks out of the hole. With these tools, people could safely dig a well which was a few hundred meters deep. People used bamboo and other materials around them to make these tools. There were many bamboo forests in the area, and bamboo was light, strong and flexible. The method of digging a well with these tools was used in many areas in Japan. People in those areas started to call the method Kazusabori.
About one century later, Kazusabori was introduced in some areas in the world as a method for digging a well without using a machine. In those areas, some people had to walk for many hours to a river to get water and then walk back with heavy water. In 1981, people started to dig wells with Kazusabori in one Asian country. Wells ( ⑤ ) in some schools helped children get water easily. Later, Kazusabori was introduced in one country in Africa, too. However, people there couldn’t get bamboo. So, people used the idea of Kazusabori and made similar tools for digging a well with things such as rubber tubes.
( ⑥ ) Finally, they completed some wells by using their tools. The number of wells in Asia and Africa increased little by little, and now more people are able to get water easily. In the world, there are still serious water problems. I’m proud of Kazusabori because it helps people solve them.
Thank you for listening.
(注)
dig 掘る(過去形はdug)
well 井戸
Kazusabori 上総掘り(上総地方(現在の千葉県中央部中央部)に伝わる井戸掘りの方式)
the Kazusa are 上総地方
safely 安全に
bamboo 竹
iron 鉄
flexible しなやかな
rubber tube ゴム管
(1) 本文中の Ⓐit の表している内容に当たるものとして最も適しているひとつづきの英語3語を、本文中から抜き出して書きなさい。
(2) 本文の内容から考えて、次のうち、本文中の( ① )に入れるのに最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
ア. joined
イ. returned
ウ. spread
エ. worn
(3) 本文中の “This question ( ② ) to learn more about Kazusabori.” が、「この疑問が、上総掘りについてより多くのことを学ぼうと私に決心させました。」という内容になるように、解答欄の ______ に 英語3語 を書き入れ、英文を完成させなさい。
(4) 本文の内容から考えて、次のうち、本文中の( ③ ) に入れるのに最も適しているのはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
ア.add
イ.change
ウ. leave
エ.reach
(5) 本文中の ( ④ ) に次の(i)~(iii)の英文を適切に順序に並べかえ、前後と意味がつながる内容となるようにして入れたい。あとのア〜エのうち、英文の順序として最も適しているものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
(i)By moving the long stick outside the hole, people could break rocks in the hole without working inside the hole.
(ii)One of them was a long stick used to make a deep hole.
(iii)So, people kept improving their way for digging a well, and finally created some useful tools.
ア.(i)→(ii)→(iii)
イ.(i)→(iii)→(ii)
ウ.(iii)→(i)→(ii)
エ.(iii)→(ii)→(i)
(6) 本文中の ( ⑥ ) が、「彼らはそこで簡単に得ることができるものを使いました。」という内容になるように、次の〔 〕内の語を並べかえて解答欄の____に英語を書き入れ、英文を完成させなさい。
They〔 could / they / things / used 〕easily get there.
(7) 本文中のthat(A)の表してる内容に当たるものとして最も適しているひとつづきの英語4語を、本文中から抜き出して書きなさい。
(8)次のうち、本文で述べられている内容と合うものはどれですか。一つ選び、記号を○で囲みなさい。
ア. Miho learned that Kazusabori was developed while people in the Kazusa area were making an effort to solve their water problems.
イ. Miho learned that people in the Kazusa area easily brought water to their land in low places from rivers in higher places.
ウ. Miho learned that people in the Kazusa area dug a well which was a few hundred meters deep without using any tools.
エ. Miho learned that the number of wells in Asia and Africa decreased because people started to get water easily from rivers.
(9) 本文の内容に合うように、次の問いに対する答えをそれぞれ英語で書きなさい。ただし、①は3語、②は8語の英語で書くこと。
➀ Did people in the Kazusa area use bamboo to make tools for digging a well?
② Why is Miho proud of Kazusabori?
[Ⅱ]スピーチの後に、あなた(You)とミホが、次のような会話をするとします。あなたならば、どのような話をしますか。あとの条件1・2にしたがって、(①)、(②)に入る内容をそれぞれ英語で書きなさい。文の数はいくつでもよい。
You:Miho, your speech was interesting. People have made various things to improve their lives.( ➀ )
Miho:I agree. What is the most convenient thing in your life? How is it convenient?
You: ( ② )
Miho: I see.
〈条件1〉①に、「今では私たちを助けてくれるものがたくさんあります。」と伝える文を、10語程度の英語で書くこと。
〈条件2〉②に、前後のやり取りに合う内容を、20語程度の英語で書くこと。
[Ⅰ]
(1) some interesting information
「According to it」= それによると
(2) ウ
ア. joined→加わった
イ. returned→戻った
ウ. spread→広がった
エ. worn→着用した
(3) made me decide
文の意味は「この疑問が、私に学ぶ決心をさせた」なので、made me decide(私に〜する決心をさせた)となる。
(4) エ
ア. add→加える
イ. change→変える
ウ. leave→離れる
エ. reach→到達する
(5) エ
(iii)話の流れの導入→(ii)具体例→(i)使い方の説明
(6) イ
ア. easy→簡単な
イ. impossible→不可能な
ウ. simple→単調な
エ. useful→使いやすい
I also felt that the cup was a special thing to me because it was impossible for anyone else to get one with the same joins.
→【和訳】他の誰にも同じ継ぎめのある茶碗を手に入れることは不可能なので、私にとってその茶碗は特別なものだとも感じた。
(7) used things they could
「彼らが使ったもの」=things they could
(8) ア
イ. 川の水を低地から簡単に運んだ → ✕
ウ. 道具なしで数百mの井戸掘った → ✕
エ. 井戸の数が減った → ✕
(9)
➀ Yes, they did.
② Because it helps people solve serious water problems.
[Ⅱ][解答例]
➀ There are a lot of things which help us now.
② A smartphone is the most convenient for me I can use it for not only communication but also getting information.
【Part A】
Please look at Part A. In this part of the listening test, you will hear five conversations between Kate and Yuta. You will hear each conversation twice. After listening to each conversation twice, you will hear a question. Each question will be read only once and you must choose one answer. Now begin.
1
Kate: How was the movie, Yuta?
Yuta: Oh, Kate. I don’t know a better movie than that.
Question: What does Yuta mean?
ア. He didn’t watch the movie.
イ. He didn’t understand what Kate was saying.
ウ. The movie was very good.
エ. The movie was worse than other movies he watched.
2
Kate: Yuta, you want to go to the museum near the station, right? How about going there with me? I’m also interested in the museum.
Yuta: Sounds great, Kate. When do you want to go there?
Kate: How about this weekend? On Saturday, I have a tennis practice until noon, but I’ll be free in the afternoon. I will be free all day on Sunday.
Yuta: I may visit my grandparents on Sunday. So, can we visit the museum after your tennis practice?
Kate: Sure!
Question: When will Kate and Yuta visit the museum?
ア. On Saturday morning.
イ. On Saturday afternoon.
ウ. On Sunday morning.
エ. On Sunday afternoon.
3
Yuta: Hi, Kate. A student from Australia will stay with me and my family for a week. I want him to have a great experience in Japan, but I don’t know where I should take him.
Kate: Well, Yuta, he’s going to come to experience an everyday life in Japan, right?
Yuta: I think so.
Kate: Then, I think taking him to the places you often visit is a good idea.
Question: Which is true about this conversation?
ア. Kate offers an idea of places Yuta should visit with a student from Australia.
イ. Kate wants to experience an everyday life in Japan when she visits Japan again.
ウ. Yuta and his family have chosen places they will visit in Australia.
エ. Yuta will stay with his host family when he visits Australia.
4
Yuta: Hi, Kate. How was your weekend?
Kate: Hi, Yuta. I went fishing at the river with my host family. Though I couldn’t get a lot of fish, I had a great time.
Yuta: Oh, why did you feel so?
Kate: Well, while I was waiting to get some fish, I had a lot of time to talk with my host family. Of course I talk a lot with them at home too, but I think we relaxed more in nature and we could enjoy talking more. We could see a beautiful mountain and we
enjoyed talking about our experiences of climbing other mountains. When we finally got a few fish, we enjoyed talking about the fish, too!
Yuta:That sounds great!
Question: What is the thing Kate enjoyed during the weekend?
ア. Getting a lot of fish.
イ. Going fishing with Yuta.
ウ. Climbing a beautiful mountain.
エ. Talking a lot with her host family.
5
Kate: Yuta, are you looking for something?
Yuta: Yes, Kate. I can’t find my gloves. I thought I put them in my coat pocket, but they’re not there.
Kate: Did you wear the gloves when you came to school this morning?
Yuta: Yes, I did. I took off the gloves in my classroom and put them on my desk. And then, I left my classroom to talk to my friend in another class. Oh, so, maybe I didn’t put them in my coat pocket. But they are not on my desk.
Kate: When you put your gloves on your desk, did you put anything else there?
Yuta: Oh, yes. I put my club uniform there, too. After I came back to my classroom, I put the uniform in my bag for the club activity.
Kate: Is that the bag you’re holding now?
Yuta: Yes. Let me check inside. Oh, I found the gloves! I guess I put them inside with my uniform. Thank you, Kate!
Question: Which is true about this conversation?
(1)
ア. Yuta’s club uniform was put on his desk by his friend.
イ. Yuta’s gloves were found in his bag for the club activity.
ウ. Yuta was not wearing his gloves when he came to school.
エ. Yuta was holding his gloves when he saw his friend in another class.
【Part B】
Please look at Part B. In this part of the listening test, you will hear a speech by a teacher from New Zealand. It will be spoken twice. After listening to it twice, you will hear two questions. Each question will be read only once and you must choose one answer. Now begin.
6
Hello, students. In the lesson last week, I talked about myself, especially about my family and my hobby. Today, I want to introduce my hometown in New Zealand to you. After my story, you can ask me questions.
New Zealand has two large islands. I’m from a small town in the southern island. To get to my hometown from the nearby large city, people need to drive for about three hours. There are many attractive things in my hometown. I want to talk about two of them today. One is a beautiful lake with water which looks really blue. People are moved when they see the lake. There is a small mountain near the lake. The view of the lake with the mountain is amazing. The other attractive thing is the night sky with bright stars. The night sky there looks beautiful because the air is very clear. The night sky is so beautiful that many tourists including tourists from Japan visit my hometown to see it. Also, some scientists who study stars come to the town for their research. I haven’t been back to my hometown for about a year, so I haven’t seen the night sky there for a while, but my friends took pictures of it and sent them to me. I’ll show you some of them later. My hometown is very far from Japan, but, if you have a chance in the future, please visit my hometown!
Question 1: Which is true about the things the teacher said?
Question 2: Which is not true about the teacher’s hometown?
(1)
ア. The teacher will ask some questions to the students about the lesson last week.
イ. The teacher has never visited the southern island in New Zealand.
ウ. The teacher talked about two of many attractive things in his hometown.
エ. The teacher will show some pictures he took when he was back in his hometown.
(2)
ア. It takes about three hours by car to get there from the nearby large city.
イ. The town has a lake near a small mountain.
ウ. Tourists from Japan visit there to see the night sky.
エ. Some scientists who used to study stars there left about a year ago.
【Part C】
Please look at the test paper of Part C. First, please read the message on the card Kate received.
You have half a minute. Now, begin to read.
【 half a minute to read 】
Stop reading. Now you are going to hear the conversation between Yuta and Kate. They are talking about the message on the card Kate received. You will hear their conversation and the question about it twice. When you are listening, you can take notes on the test paper about the things they say. Now, listen to the conversation.
Yuta: Hi, Kate. What are you doing?
Kate: Hi, Yuta. I’m reading a New Year’s card I received from my grandma and grandpa.
Yuta: Oh, that’s nice.
Kate: In the card, they say it may be good for me to start something new when a new year starts. I agree with them and I am wondering what I should start this year.
Yuta: Oh, I agree with them, too. Actually, I have started a new thing from the New Year’s Day. It is to write a diary every day. I write things which happened during the day. I also write how I felt during the day.
Kate: Oh, writing a diary sounds like a good thing to start.
Yuta: Yes, I think so. When people want to know what they did on a specific day, their diary will help them remember that.
Kate: You’re right. By writing a diary, people can keep their personal records. That’s a good point of writing a diary. I want to start writing a diary this year, like you.
Yuta: I recommend doing that.
Kate: I think writing a diary helps people improve their skills for expressing their ideas, too. Sometimes it’s difficult for people to explain what they think. By writing a diary, people have chances to organize their ideas.
Yuta: I agree with you. That’s another good point of writing a diary. Oh, I also have found I can relax very well when I’m writing a diary.
Kate: So, writing a diary also helps people relax. That’s also a good point of writing a diary.
Yuta: Yeah. People usually focus on writing a diary without doing other things. Focusing on one single thing may help people relax.
Kate: Wow, writing a diary seems to have many good points!
Yuta: So, will you start writing a diary?
Kate: Yes, I will!
Question: What will Kate start? And, according to Kate and Yuta, what are the good points of the thing she will start? Write your answers for both questions in English.
You have six minutes to write. Now begin.
【PartA】
1. ウ
2. イ
3. ア
4. エ
5. イ
【PartB】
6.(1) ウ (2)エ
【PartC】
(例)She will start writing a diary.
When people want to know what they did on a specific day, their diary will help them remember that. By writing a diary, people can keep their personal records.
Writing a diary helps people improve their skills for expressing their ideas, too. By writing a diary, people have chances to organize their ideas.
Writing a diary also helps people relax. People usually focus on writing a diary without doing other things. Focusing on one single thing may help people relax.
Choose the phrase that best completes each sentence below.
(1)Please tell ( ) help you.
ア. I can do what to me
イ. I can what to do me
ウ. me do what I can
エ. me what I can do to
(2)She was excited ( ) the national tournament.
ア. the player who won to see
イ. to see the player who won
ウ. to the player who won see
エ. won the player who see to
(3)These broken things ( ) money.
ア. can be repaired without much
イ. can repaired without much be
ウ. without much be repaired can
エ. without repaired can be much
(4)I wonder ( ) to get here.
ア. how many hours they kept walking
イ. how walking they kept many hours
ウ. many hours kept how they walking
エ. many hours they kept walking how
(5)I ( ) on a bus.
ア. get many bags a person holding helped
イ. get a person helped many bags holding
ウ. helped a person holding many bags get
エ. helped many holding bags a person get
(6)The website ( ) data for my research.
ア. included various useful you recommended
イ. you included various useful recommended
ウ. you recommended included various usefuls
エ. various useful recommended you included
(1)エ
間接疑問文の形にする。
(2)イ
関係代名詞の形にする。
(3)ア
without + 名詞:前置詞の用法。
(4)ア
間接疑問文の形にする。
(5)ウ
「help + 人 + 動詞の原形」+現在分詞による形容詞的修飾。
(6)ウ
関係代名詞の省略。
Read the passage and choose the answer which best completes each blank ① and ②, and choose the best answer to the question (3).
In 2023, a report was made on a survey to see what high school students think about changes in technology such as AI. The survey was done on high school students in four countries: Japan, America, China and Korea. In each country, more than 1,800 students joined the survey. It included many questions, and for each question, the students were asked to choose one response from 4 choices: “definitely yes,” “somewhat yes,” “somewhat no” and “definitely no.” The following graphs show the percentages of the students who chose “definitely yes” or “somewhat yes” for two of the questions.
Graph 1 shows the results of the question: “Do you think that the importance of human relationships will stay the same even if technology changes?” To this question, ( ① ) in all of the four countries chose “definitely yes” or “somewhat yes.” Among the four countries, the percentage of the students who chose “definitely yes” or “somewhat yes” to the question was the highest in ( ② ).
Graph 2 shows the results of the question: “Are you worried about changes in technology?” The percentages of the students who chose “definitely yes” or “somewhat yes” to the question were between 50 percent and 60 percent in all of the four countries, and the percentage of the students who chose those two responses was lower in Japan than the percentages of the students who chose those two responses in America and Korea.
(注)definitely 明確に、はっきりと
somewhat やや
graph グラフ
importance 大切さ
human relationship 人と人とのつながり
(1)①
ア less than half of the students
イ 83.6 percent of the students
ウ only a quarter of the students
エ more than 60 percent of the students
(2)②
ア Japan
イ America
ウ China
エ Korea
(3)Which graph should be put in ( A )?
(1)エ
4つの国すべて60%以上。
(2)ウ
割合が最も高いのは86.8%のChina。
(3)イ
「全ての国が 50〜60% の間」、「JapanはAmerica と Koreaより低い」のどちらも満たしているのはイ。
Read the passage and choose the answer which best completes each sentence (1)~(5).
There are various products made of cork around us such as cork stoppers and cork boards. For thousands of years, people have used cork for making various things because cork is light and doesn’t easily let water go through. In the 18th century, as more glass bottles were used, more cork was used for making stoppers of the bottles. These days, cork is often recycled. Recycled cork is used for walls of buildings because walls using cork don’t easily let heat go through. Even if the temperature outside becomes very high, the temperature in a room with walls using cork isn’t affected a lot. Many people know that cork is a ( ① ) material because it can be recycled, and now it is getting attention for more reasons.
Cork comes from the bark of cork oak trees. These trees grow in forests in a part of Europe and a part of Africa. You may think that, when people harvest the bark, they cut down the trees. However, the bark can be harvested without doing so. After the bark is harvested, new bark is made. People can harvest the bark of one cork oak tree about 15 to 18 times while the tree is living, and cork oak trees live for about 200 years. For these many years, cork oak trees can be a good home for various animals including some endangered birds and can support the diversity of species in forests. Also, when cork oak trees make new bark, the amount of carbon dioxide they take in from the air greatly increases. That means the trees ( ② ).
Now, many companies pay attention to this eco-friendly material and its excellent features, and they use it to make even some parts of space ships.
(注)cork コルク材
stopper 栓
heat 熱
bark 樹皮
cork oak tree コルク樫の木
harvest 採取する
endangered 絶滅の危機にさらされた
carbon dioxide 二酸化炭素
take in 取り入れる
(1)The temperature in a room with walls using cork
ア is easily influenced by the temperature outside.
イ doesn’t change a lot even if it gets very hot outside.
ウ is always high because walls using cork let heat go into the room.
エ is always low because walls using cork let heat go out of the room.
(2) The word which should be put in ( ① ) is
ア medical.
イ narrow.
ウ social.
エ sustainable.
(3)People can harvest the bark of a cork oak tree
ア by cutting down the tree.
イ without cutting down the tree.
ウ about 15 to 18 times every year.
エ 200 times while the tree is living.
(4) The phrase which should be put in ( ② ) is
ア always take in the same amount of carbon dioxide from the air.
イ are helpful in reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
ウ have no chance to take in carbon dioxide from the air.
エ play a major role in increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
(5) According to the passage,
ア people first started to use cork to make things in the 18th century.
イ cork houses built for endangered animals are supporting their lives.
ウ cork is the bark of a specific kind of tree which can be seen in a part of Europe and a part of Africa.
エ many companies have started using other materials instead of cork to protect the environment.
(1)イ
本文:Even if the temperature outside becomes very high, the temperature in a room with walls using cork isn’t affected a lot.
→ 外が暑くなっても、部屋の温度はそれほど変わらない ということ。つまりイ。
(2)エ
medical→医療の
narrow→狭い
social→社会の
sustainable→持続可能な
(3)イ
本文:However, the bark can be harvested without doing so [cutting the tree].
→ 木を切らずに樹皮(bark)だけを採ることができる。これはコルクが環境にやさしい理由の一つ。つまりイ。
(4)イ
本文:Also, when cork oak trees make new bark, the amount of carbon dioxide they take in from the air greatly increases.
→ 新しい樹皮を作るとき、二酸化炭素の吸収量が増える=環境に良い影響を与えるということ。つまりイ。
(5)ウ
本文:Cork comes from the bark of cork oak trees. These trees grow in forests in a part of Europe and a part of Africa.と一致。つまりウ。
Read the passage and choose the answer which best completes each sentence (1)~(5).
Many people may not know what “Kazusabori” is. It is a method for digging a deep well safely. The method was developed in the Kazusa area in Japan in the late 19th century. In the area, it was difficult to get water from rivers, so people dug wells. Each well had to be deep enough to reach water under the ground. At first, people dug a well by working inside a hole. However, digging that way was dangerous. Also, they couldn’t dig a deep well in that way. So, they tried many different ways. And finally they were successful in digging a deep well safely by using some tools they created. ( A ) The long stick was made of bamboo and it had an iron part at the bottom. By moving the long stick inside the hole, people broke rocks in the hole without working inside.( B )As the hole became deeper, they made the stick longer. ( C )Another tool was created to move the long stick without using much power. ( D ) They also created a tool which helped them remove broken pieces of rock out of the hole. With these tools, people could safely dig a well which was a few hundred meters deep. People used not only bamboo but also other materials around them to make these tools. The method of digging a well with these tools was ( ① ) to many areas in Japan. People in those areas started to call the method Kazusabori and used it until people there started to use machines.
About one century later, Kazusabori was introduced in some areas in the world as a method for digging a well without using a machine. In those areas, some people had to walk to a river to get water and then walk back with heavy water. In 1981, people started to dig wells with Kazusabori in one Asian country. Wells completed in some schools helped children get water easily. Later, Kazusabori was introduced in one country in Africa, too. However, people there couldn’t get bamboo. So, they used the idea of Kazusabori and made similar tools for digging a well by using things they could easily get there. Finally, they completed some wells by using Ⓐthese tools. The number of wells in Asia and Africa increased little by little, and now more people are able to get water easily. There are still serious water problems in the world. Kazusabori is helping people to solve them.
(注)
Kazusabori 上総掘り(上総地方(現在の千葉県内中央)に伝わる井戸掘りの方法)
dig 掘る(過去形は dug)
well 井戸
safely 安全に
the Kazusa area 上総地方
bamboo 竹
iron 鉄
(1) People in the Kazusa area tried many different ways to
ア dig a deep well safely.
イ dig wells all over Japan.
ウ find a safe way for working in rivers.
エ go to rivers.
(2) The sentence “One of them was a long stick used to make a deep hole.” should be put in
ア( A )
イ( B )
ウ( C )
エ( D )
(3) The word which should be put in ( ① ) is
ア joined.
イ returned.
ウ spread.
エ worn.
(4) The phrase Ⓐthese tools refers to
ア the tools made of bamboo.
イ the tools made in the Kazusa area.
ウ the tools people in an Asian country made without using the idea of Kazusabori.
エ the tools people in a country in Africa made with things they could easily get there.
(5)According to the passage,
ア people in the Kazusa area used only bamboo to make all the tools for digging a well.
イ Kazusabori was introduced in some areas in the world in the late 19th century.
ウ people in one Asian country couldn’t start to dig wells in 1981 because they didn’t have machines for digging a well.
エ thanks to Kazusabori, people in some areas in the world can get water easily.
(1)ア
本文では、「最初は人が穴の中で作業して井戸を掘っていたが、それは危険で深く掘ることができなかった」とあり、その後「さまざまな方法を試し、ついに安全に深く井戸を掘ることに成功した」と書かれている。→「人々がさまざまな方法を試した理由」は「安全に深い井戸を掘るため」つまりア。
(2)ア
(A)の前に、「ついに道具を使って安全に深い井戸を掘ることに成功した」、(A)の後に「その長い棒は竹でできていて、先端に鉄の部分がついていた」と説明されている。
(3)ウ
joined→参加した
returned→戻った
spread→広がった
worn→身につけた
(4)エ
該当箇所に「アフリカの国では竹が手に入らなかったが、カズサボリの考えを利用して、手に入りやすい材料で似たような道具を作った」と書かれており、その直後に「これらの道具で井戸を完成させた」とある。→ these tools=アフリカで作られた道具 よってエ。
(5)エ
最後の段落に、「今ではより多くの人々が水を簡単に手に入れられるようになった」、「カズサボリは水の問題を解決する助けになっている」とある。よってエ。
Read the passage and choose the answer which best completes each sentence (1), (2), (4), (5) and (6), and choose the answer to the question (3).
Today, if people visit a planetarium, they can learn the positions and movements of celestial bodies. Many planetariums today show these things with machines using high technology. This type of modern planetarium was born in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century.( ① ) that type of modern planetarium was made, in the late 18th century, a man in the Netherlands tried to show the positions and movements of celestial bodies in a different way. The man’s name is Eise Eisinga. After graduating from elementary school, he didn’t continue to study in school, but he kept studying math and science by himself. He was especially interested in celestial bodies.
In 1774, when he was 30 years old, a special phenomenon was seen in the sky. On May 8th, 1774, four planets and the moon were seen close together in the eastern sky at the same time. A local newspaper in the Netherlands said that the earth would be greatly damaged because of this phenomenon. When people read the newspaper, many of them believed that the things written in the newspaper were ( ② ) , so they worried about the earth and their lives very much. Now, many people know that this type of phenomenon doesn’t cause any trouble to the earth or people’s lives. However, the situation was different in 1774. In those days, only a few people including Eise Eisinga had enough information on the positions and movements of the celestial bodies to understand that the phenomenon would not affect the earth. On the other hand, many other people at the time didn’t have such information.( ③ ) He thought people could learn about celestial bodies with the system.
He tried many ideas and created a system to show the positions and movements of the sun and some planets. It was a system which he put on the ceiling of a room in his house. Round objects were used to show the celestial bodies. The system including those round objects was moved by only one pendulum clock set in the attic above the room. With this system, people could easily see how the celestial bodies moved by looking up. The system was not simple and he needed many things such as gears and pulleys to complete the system. Surprisingly, he made most parts for the system by himself. He even made thousands of nails used for the system. The system was designed very well. When he almost finished creating the system, some scientists visited his house to see it. They were surprised to find the system was designed very well to show the positions and movements of the celestial bodies clearly. Like this,( ④ ) before it was completed, and they were looking forward to seeing the completed system.
After seven years of hard work, he finally completed his system and called the room with the system a “planetarium.” He let people come inside and see his planetarium. His planetarium became very popular, and not only his neighbors but also people who lived far away came to see it. His hope of sharing his information about celestial bodies with others resulted in creating his planetarium to show the latest information about celestial bodies and updated at the time. Though his planetarium was quite different from many of today’s planetariums which use high technology to show celestial bodies, his planetarium played an important role to help people understand better about the celestial bodies. Eise Eisinga’s planetarium still works and accepts visitors from all over the world.
(注)
planetarium プラネタリウム
celestial body 天体
the Netherlands オランダ
Eise Eisinga アイゼ・アイジンガー
phenomenon 現象
moon 月
ceiling 天井
object 物体
pendulum clock 振り子時計
attic 屋根裏
gear 歯車
pulley 滑車
part 部品
nail くぎ
(1)The word which should be put in( ① ) is
ア After.
イ Before.
ウ If.
エ Since.
(2)The word which should be put in ( ② ) is
ア old.
イ peaceful.
ウ true.
エ wrong.
(3)The following passages (ⅰ)~(ⅲ) should be put in ( ③ ) in the order that makes the most sense.
(ⅰ) He saw those neighbors and wanted to help them have correct information about celestial bodies.
(ⅱ) Many of Eise Eisinga’s neighbors were also afraid that terrible things would happen to the earth because of the special phenomenon.
(ⅲ) To do this, he decided to create a system which showed the positions and movements of some celestial bodies.
ア (ii)→(i)→(iii)
イ (ii)→(iii)→(i)
ウ (iii)→(i)→(ii)
エ (iii)→(ii)→(i)
(4)The phrase which should be put in( ④ ) is
ア he didn’t let people see the system.
イ many people designed the system.
ウ people were against the system.
エ the system attracted people.
(5)According to the passage, the system Eise Eisinga created
ア was completed without using any nails.
イ was put on the floor of a room in his house.
ウ used round objects to show some celestial bodies.
エ used many pendulum clocks to move the objects in the system.
(6)According to the passage,
ア Eise Eisinga didn’t study math and science after graduating from elementary school.
イ though Eise Eisinga never called the room with the system he created a “planetarium,” his neighbors started to call it a “planetarium.”
ウ both Eise Eisinga’s neighbors and people living far from his house visited his planetarium.
エ Eise Eisinga shared his information about the way to create planetariums with his neighbors and that led them to create planetariums with high technology.
(1)イ
After →~の後で
Before→~の前に
Since→~以来
If→もし~なら
(2)ウ
old →古い
peaceful→穏やかな
true→本当の
wrong→間違っている
(3)ア
人々が心配している(状況)→それを見たEisingaが助けたいと思った(動機)→「助けるために」システムを作る決意(行動)という流れになる。
(3)エ
直前の文では、科学者たちが訪れてシステムの良さに驚いているので、「人々を惹きつけた」という意味が自然。
ア「人に見せなかった」→×:逆の内容
イ「多くの人が設計した」→×:実際は彼一人で作った
ウ「反対する人がいた」→×:そのような描写はない
エ「人々を惹きつけた」→◯
(5)ウ
ア「釘なしで完成」→ ×:釘を自作して使用している
イ「床に設置」→ ×:天井に設置された
ウ「丸い物体で天体を表現」→ ◯
エ「多数の振り子時計で動かした」→ ×:たった1つの振り子時計を使った
(6)ウ
ア「小学校卒業後、数学と科学を勉強しなかった」→ ×:独学で勉強したとある
イ「彼は“プラネタリウム”とは呼ばなかった」→ ×:彼自身がその部屋を「プラネタリウム」と呼んでいる
ウ「近くの人も遠くの人も見に来た」→ ◯
エ「高技術のプラネタリウムの作り方を教えた」→ ×:そのような描写はない
Read the following sentences and write your answer in English.
Through various experiences, people learn many things and change. Write about one of your experiences which helped you learn something important. Write what you learned from the experience, and after that, write how you changed through the experience.
解答例
My experience of joining the chorus club helped me learn one important thing. I joined the club two years ago. I liked singing before I joined the club. I used to sing by myself. After I joined the club, I learned that, by singing together with others, people can create beautiful sounds that I can’t create just by myself. I now know that, by working together, people can reach a goal which one person can’t reach alone. From the experience, I started to work on more things together with other people.
家庭教師のやる気アシストは、大阪府にお住まいの受験生のお子さんを毎年たくさん指導をさせ頂き、合格に導いています。
高い合格率の秘訣は、指導経験豊富な先生の指導力に加え、1対1の指導でお子さん一人ひとりの状況に合わせた、お子さんだけのカリキュラムで勉強が進められるから!
家庭教師のやる気アシストは、お子さんの志望校合格まで全力でサポートさせて頂きます!
お子さんにとって「成果が出る勉強法」ってどんな勉強法だと思いますか?
お子さんそれぞれに、個性や性格、学力の差もあります。そんな十人十色のお子さん全員に合う勉強法ってなかなかないんです。
たからこそ、受験生の今だけでもお子さんだけの勉強法で受験を乗り越えてみませんか?
やる気アシストには、決まったカリキュラムはありません。お子さんの希望や学力、得意や不得意に合わせて、お子さんだけのカリキュラムで指導を行っていきます。また、勉強法もお子さんそれぞれに合う合わないがあります。無料体験授業では、お子さんの性格や生活スタイルを見せていただき、お子さんにとって効率的な成果の出る勉強のやり方をご提案させて頂きます。